Definition, Meaning & Synonyms | English word STEM-LOOP

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Definitions of STEM-LOOP

1. (genetics) A short length of intramolecularly bonded single-stranded DNA or RNA

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Examples of Using STEM-LOOP in a Sentence

• In biology, the SECIS element (SECIS: selenocysteine insertion sequence) is an RNA element around 60 nucleotides in length that adopts a stem-loop structure.
• Application of femtochemistry in biological studies has also helped to elucidate the conformational dynamics of stem-loop RNA structures.
• Iron regulatory elements (IREs) constitute a family of 28-nucleotide, non-coding, stem-loop structures that regulate iron storage, heme synthesis and iron uptake.
• A pseudoknot is a nucleic acid secondary structure containing at least two stem-loop structures in which half of one stem is intercalated between the two halves of another stem.
• The 3' UTR of Sec-containing genes have a common stem-loop structure, the sec insertion sequence (SECIS), which is necessary for the recognition of UGA as a Sec codon rather than as a stop signal.
• It binds to the other subunit Drosha, an RNase III enzyme, to form the microprocessor complex that cleaves a primary transcript known as pri-miRNA to a characteristic stem-loop structure known as a pre-miRNA, which is then further processed to miRNA fragments by the enzyme Dicer.
• Because of the stem-loop structure of the probe, the fluorophore is close to the quencher, thus preventing the molecule from emitting any fluorescence.
• The Alfalfa mosaic virus RNA 1 5′ UTR stem-loop represents a putative stem-loop structure found in the 5′ UTR in RNA 1 of alfalfa mosaic virus.
• The Coronavirus 3′ stem-loop II-like motif (also known as s2m) is a secondary structure motif identified in the 3′ untranslated region (3′UTR) of astrovirus, coronavirus and equine rhinovirus genomes.
• In molecular biology, the coronavirus frameshifting stimulation element is a conserved stem-loop of RNA found in coronaviruses that can promote ribosomal frameshifting.
• These two activities of DsrA can be separated by mutation: the first of three stem-loops of the 85 nucleotide RNA is necessary for RpoS translation but not for anti-H-NS action, while the second stem-loop is essential for antisilencing and less critical for RpoS translation.
• These elements are referred to as adenylate uridylate-rich elements (AUREs) and stem-loop destabilizing element (SLDE).
• The stem-loop IIIa contains a UU nucleotide deletion inside of a 5 nucleotide sequence which enhances the IRES activity.
• This family represents a pseudoknot containing stem-loop structure found in the 5' UTR of interferon-gamma mRNA.
• The precursor microRNA is a stem-loop structure of about 70 nucleotides in length that is processed by the Dicer enzyme to form the 21-24 nucleotide mature microRNA.
• Pre-miR-26 with stem-loop structure is processed into mature miR-26 by a series of enzymes of intranuclear and intracytoplasm.
• Animal microRNAs are transcribed as pri-miRNA (primary miRNA) of varying length which in turns are processed in the nucleus by Drosha into ~70 nucleotide stem-loop precursor called pre-miRNA (precursor miRNA) and subsequently processed by the Dicer enzyme to give a mature ~22 nucleotide product.
• RNA-OUT consists of a stem-loop domain topped by a flexibly paired loop; the 5′ end of the target molecule, RNA-IN, is complementary to the top of the loop, and complementarity extends for 35 nucleotides down one side of RNA-OUT.
• Translational regulation of the stationary phase sigma factor RpoS is mediated by the formation of a double-stranded RNA stem-loop structure in the upstream region of the rpoS messenger RNA, occluding the translation initiation site.
• The mRNAs of metazoan histone genes lack polyadenylation and a poly-A tail, instead 3′ end processing occurs at a site between this highly conserved stem-loop and a purine rich region around 20 nucleotides downstream (the histone downstream element, or HDE).

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